Teratoid cyst of the lower lip in an adult patient: case report

Teratoid cysts are rare occurrences in the oral cavity, particularly in adults, and are more commonly found in infants. Histologically, these cysts are characterized by the presence of respiratory epithelium, smooth muscle cells, and sebaceous glands. This report aims to describe a case of a teratoid cyst located in the lower lip of an adult patient. A 57-year-old male presented with a slow-growing lesion on the right side of the lower lip, first noticed four years prior. An excisional biopsy was performed, revealing a well-defined cystic lesion with thick, whitish content within its lumen. Histopathological examination showed an orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelial lining with abundant keratin, dense connective tissue, multinucleated giant cells, and mucosecretory cells. Additionally, cutaneous adnexal structures such as sebaceous glands and hair follicles were identified. Follow-up at one month revealed no cutaneous sequelae. Teratoid cysts in the oral region are rare in adults, and definitive diagnosis relies on histopathological evaluation.