Osteoma is a benign bone tumor that can develop in bones throughout the entire body but occurs mainly in the craniofacial bones. It presents as a proliferation of medullary or cortical bone, and can be classified as central, peripheral, or extra skeletal. The appearance in the jaws is infrequent, but when it occurs, there is a greater predominance of the mandible. The etiology is still unknown and the hypothesis of its development is debated, since it can occur as a reaction to trauma or infection, or originate as a true neoplasm. Osteomas of the jaws mostly present as a well-defined hyperdensity on computed tomography scans. This article presents a 49-year-old patient, where a case of a peripheral osteoma at the level of the inner face of the condyle of the left temporomandibular joint, which was related to the ipsilateral styloid process and generated complications in swallowing the patient. Two years ago, due to a radiographic finding, a radiopaque asymptomatic mass was investigated in the left mandible and was kept under observation. It progressed, increasing in volume, causing swallowing problems. In this case, we show the clinical, radiographic, scanner, Angio Tac and histopathological findings are included, in addition to the programs used to plan the resection of the osteoma.