In the orthognathic surgery, depending the technique used, an increase of the upper airway dimensions can be observed. The focus was to evaluate the relationship between airway enlargement after orthognathic surgery in patients with pattern II, based on volumetric, linear and angular measurements of the airway in relation to the occlusal plane. A retrospective observational study was carried out in 10 patients, from the Center for Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation in Piracicaba, São Paulo, which had been submitted to orthognathic surgery for correction of class II dentofacial discrepancy. Cephalometric and soft tissue analysis were performed using Proplan software. Eight linear measures were considered to measure the airway, maxillary and mandibular movements in lateral norm; three three-dimensional volumetric measurements of the airway and five angular measurements to describe the rotation of the occlusal plane. The statistically significant results were saw in VC1 (15.10 [2.78] - 17.29 [3.26]), in VC4 (22.19 [3.71] - 25.84 [3.31]), in coronal plane/Pg (79.70 [7.58] - 87.71 [9.85]), in the LVV-PO angle (79.70 [5.88] - 83.75 [5.86]) representing a large and significant increase after surgery. There was also a strong correlation between the variation in the VC3 measurement and the measurements in the lateral norm, between the variation of the nasopharynx and oropharynx with vertical changes in Pg (p < 0.05). According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that the mandibular advancement and chin advancement with counterclockwise rotation had a positive impact on the increase of the airway in the hypopharynx region, being especially favorable in cases of retrognathism and treatment of the syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea.