Intrasinusal Osteoma Associated with Orthognathic Surgery: Review of the Literature and Presentation of a Case Report.

Osteomas are benign, slow-growing, continuous benign bone tumors, consisting mainly of cortical or cancellous bone. Although they are relatively rare, they can manifest as single or multiple lesions, affecting various areas of the maxillofacial region. We present the case of a 26-year-old male patient diagnosed with class II dentofacial anomaly and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). During a scheduled orthognathic surgery to correct his malocclusion, the presence of an intrasinusal lesion in the right maxillary sinus was evidenced, which was completely extirpated and sent for histopathological study. The diagnosis of osteoma was confirmed by imaging studies and a postoperative biopsy. Osteomas are the most frequent benign pathology in the paranasal sinuses. They can be asymptomatic or cause symptoms such as nasal obstruction, pain and sinusitis. Treatment depends on the clinical manifestation of the lesion and varies from follow- up to surgical resection, with surgery being necessary when symptoms affect the function of adjacent structures. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention are essential to manage sinus osteomas. The combination of orthognathic surgery and osteoma removal in a single procedure, as presented in this case, optimizes treatment, improves recovery and reduces the risks of complications. This comprehensive approach underscores the importance of personalized clinical and surgical management in complex cases. KEY WORDS: Osteoma, maxillary sinus, orthognathic surgery.